development of gymnastics

sg - gymnastíkken

* * *

* * *

(en) (physical) exercises pl ( fx do one's exercises every morning);

( i gymnastiksal og om sportsgren) gymnastics,

T gym;

( om skolefaget: legemsøvelser) physical education,

T PE ( fx physical education is intended to aid the pupil's physical development through organized games, gymnastics, exercises etc);

[ gøre gymnastik] do exercises (, gymnastics).

1) parallel

2) (fig.): (similar) vergleichbar

1) Parallele, die

2) (Electr.)

3) (Geog.)

* * *

1) ((of straight lines) going in the same direction and always staying the same distance apart: The road is parallel to/with the river.) parallel

2) (alike (in some way): There are parallel passages in the two books.) entsprechend

1) (a line parallel to another: Draw a parallel to this line.) die Parallele

2) (a likeness or state of being alike: Is there a parallel between the British Empire and the Roman Empire?) die Parallele

3) (a line drawn from east to west across a map etc at a fixed distance from the equator: The border between Canada and the United States follows the forty-ninth parallel.) der Breitengrad

- academic.ru/53505/parallelogram">parallelogram

* * *

[ˈpærəlel, AM ˈper-]

I. adj inv

1. inv lines parallel, gleichlaufend

Hills Road is \parallel to Mill Road die Hills Road verläuft parallel zur Mill Road

2. (corresponding)

\parallel example Parallelbeispiel nt

\parallel experiments Parallelversuche pl

\parallel contest CHESS Simultanspiel nt

3. ELEC

in \parallel parallel geschaltet

4. COMPUT parallel; computer system simultan

II. n

1. (similarity) Parallele f, Entsprechung f

▪ without \parallel ohnegleichen

to draw a \parallel einen Vergleich ziehen

2. MATH Parallele f fachspr

3. esp AM GEOG

\parallel [of latitude] Breitenkreis m

III. vt

▪ to \parallel sth

1. (correspond to) etw dat entsprechen; (be similar to) etw dat ähneln [o gleichen]

not \paralleled beispiellos

2. (run side-by-side) zu etw dat parallel [ver]laufen

IV. adv inv parallel

to run \parallel to sth zu etw dat parallel verlaufen

* * *

1. adj

1) lines, streets parallel; (COMPUT) parallel

2) (fig) career, development vergleichbar, parallel verlaufend; universe, talks, process parallel

2. adv

3. n

1) (GEOMETRY) Parallele f

2) (GEOG) Breitenkreis m

3) (ELEC)

4) (fig) Parallele f

4. vt (fig)

* * *

parallel [ˈpærəlel]

A adj

1. MATH, MUS, TECH parallel (with, to zu, mit):

parallel bars pl (Turnen) Barren m;

at the parallel bars am Barren;

parallel computer Simultanrechenanlage f, -rechner m;

parallel connection → B 4;

parallel cousins Kinder zweier Brüder oder zweier Schwestern;

parallel processing IT Parallelverarbeitung f;

parallel slalom (Skisport) Parallelslalom m;

parallel stroke milling TECH Zeilenfräsen n;

parallel turn (Skisport) Parallelschwung m;

run parallel to parallel verlaufen zu

2. fig parallel, gleich(gerichtet, -laufend):

parallel case Parallelfall m;

research work on parallel lines Forschungsarbeit f in der gleichen Richtung;

parallel passage gleichlautende Stelle, Parallele f (in einem Text)

B s

1. MATH und fig Parallele f:

draw a parallel to eine Parallele ziehen zu;

draw a parallel between fig eine Parallele ziehen zwischen (dat), (miteinander) vergleichen;

have close parallels with eine starke Ähnlichkeit haben mit;

in parallel with parallel zu

2. MATH Parallelität f (auch fig Gleichheit)

3. auch parallel of latitude GEOG Breitenkreis m

4. ELEK Parallel-, Nebeneinanderschaltung f:

in parallel parallel oder nebeneinander(geschaltet)

5. Gegenstück n, Entsprechung f:

have no parallel nicht seinesgleichen haben, einzigartig sein;

without (a) parallel ohnegleichen

6. MIL Parallele f, Quergraben m

7. TYPO (aus 2 senkrechten Strichen bestehendes) Verweiszeichen

C v/t prät und pperf -leled, besonders Br -lelled

1. (with) gegenüberstellen (dat), vergleichen (mit)

2. anpassen, angleichen ( beide:

with, to dat)

3. gleichkommen oder entsprechen (dat)

4. etwas Gleiches oder Entsprechendes zu einer Sache oder jemandem finden

5. besonders US umg parallel (ver)laufen zu, laufen neben (dat)

6. ELEK parallel schalten

par. abk

1. paragraph Par.

2. parallel

3. parenthesis

4. parish Gde.

* * *

1) parallel

2) (fig.): (similar) vergleichbar

1) Parallele, die

2) (Electr.)

3) (Geog.)

* * *

parallel (Mathematik) adj.

parallel adj. n.

Gegenstück n.

Parallele f.

SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

[br]

[br]

[br]

As a young man Georges Demenÿ was a pioneer of physical education in France, and this led him to contact the physiologist Professor Marey in 1880. Marey had made a special study of animal movement, and Demenÿ hoped to work with him on research into physiological problems related to gymnastics. He joined Marey the following year, and when in 1882 the Physiological Station was set up near Paris to develop sequence photography for the study of movement. Demenÿ was made Head of the laboratory. He worked with the multiple-image fixed-plate cameras, and was chiefly responsible for the analysis of the records, having considerable mathematical and graphical ability. He also appeared as the subject in a number of the sequences. When in 1888 Marey began the development of a film camera, Demenÿ was involved in its design and operation. He became interested in the possibility of using animated sequence photographs as an aid to teaching of the deaf. He made close-up records of himself speaking short phrases, "Je vous aime" and "Vive la France" for example, which were published in such journals as Paris Photographe and La Nature in 1891 and 1892. To present these in motion, he devised the Phonoscope, which he patented on 3 March 1892. The series of photographs were mounted around the circumference of a disc and viewed through a counter-rotating slotted disc. The moving images could be viewed directly, or projected onto a screen. La Nature reported tests he had made in which deaf lip readers could interpret accurately what was being said. On 20 December 1892 Demenÿ formed a company, Société Générale du Phonoscope, to exploit his invention, hoping that "speaking portraits" might replace family-album pictures. This commercial activity led to a rift between Marey and Demenÿ in July 1893. Deprived of access to the film cameras, Demenÿ developed designs of his own, patenting new camera models in France on 10 October 1893 and 27 July 1894. The design covered by the latter had been included in English and German patents filed in December 1893, and was to be of some significance in the early development of cinematography. It was for an intermittent movement of the film, which used an eccentrically mounted blade or roller that, as it rotated, bore on the film, pulling down the length of one frame. As the blade moved away, the film loop so formed was taken up by the rotation of the take-up reel. This "beater" movement was employed extensively in the early years of cinematography, being effective yet inexpensive. It was first employed in the Chronophotographe apparatus marketed by Gaumont, to whom Demenÿ had licensed the patent rights, from the autumn of 1896. Demenÿ's work provided a link between the scientific purposes of sequence photography— chronophotography—and the introduction of commercial cinematography.

[br]

1) motion; movement

2) ( громадський) movement

3) ( транспортний) traffic

4)

упражнение (exercise, drill, practice, study, exercitation, gymnastics)

осуществление (implementation, exercise, realization, fulfillment, effect, fruition)

тренировка (Training, coaching, workout, exercise, practice, drill)

занятие (employment, occupation, class, exercise, business, work)

проявление (manifestation, display, demonstration, development, exercise, exhibition)

учение (learning, teaching, doctrine, exercise, studies, instruction)

моцион (exercise, physical exercise, constitutional)

задача (problem, task, objective, goal, exercise, why)

задание (Job, task, assignment, mission, target, exercise)

физическая зарядка (exercise)

ритуал (ritual, rite, observance, exercise, sacramental)

боевая подготовка (exercise)

физзарядка (exercise)

празднества (festivity, exercise)

обряды (exercise)

осуществлять (realize, implement, exercise, execute, fulfill, effect)

проявлять (show, exercise, manifest, display, demonstrate, develop)

выполнять (perform, carry out, execute, fulfill, do, exercise)

использовать (use, utilize, make use of, employ, apply, exercise)

тренировать (train, coach, exercise, drill, discipline, educate)

тренироваться (train, exercise)

упражнять (exercise, train)

упражняться (exercise, train)

развивать (develop, evolve, cultivate, expand, elaborate, exercise)

пользоваться (use, enjoy, make use of, exercise, have the use of, avail oneself)

обучаться (train, qualify, exercise)

беспокоиться (worry, bother, trouble, concern, care, exercise)

проводить учение (exercise)

тренировочный (training, exercise, sparring)

πρῆσις (A),

A v. πρᾶσις.

------------------------------------

πρῆσις (B), ιος, ἡ, ([etym.] πρήθω)

A blowing up, distension,

τράχηλος οἰδέει πνεύματος πρήσι Aret.SD1.11

; ἔντασις καὶ π. (in εἰλεός) Id.CA2.5; ὑπὸ τῆς π. (in dropsy) Id.SD2.1; filling out, development, τραχήλου (by gymnastics) Id.CD1.3 (pl.).

2 inflammation, ὀφθαλμῶν ibid. (pl.); τῶν παρισθμίων, τοῦ ὑπεζωκότος, τοῦ πνεύμονος, τῶν νεύρων, Id.CA1.7,10,2.1,11 (pl.).